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Astronomy Careers and Jobs

Select, Find and Prepare for Astronomy Careers and Jobs - all on one page

For people who love space science and are open to pivoting into data or tech careers if academia isn't the goal. Use the tools below to see which astronomy roles fit your background and goals.

Most professional research roles in astronomy require a Ph.D., but the underlying skills (data analysis, programming, optics) transfer into non-academic tech and data careers. Use the tools below to explore Astronomy-related job titles sorted by growth rate, salary, or required education. You can start with entry points like Observatory Technician, or look ahead to advanced roles such as Research Astronomer or Data Scientist. Along the way, you will see specific certifications, such as None widely required; graduate degree substitutes for certification, that can help you move up the career ladder.



4 Steps to Use This Page: 1-Explore Careers of Intrerest 2-See Job Listings Matched to Career 3-Prepare for the Career 4-See External Career Resources

Here is a short Helper Video External Link

This page will take you through 4 steps to (1) Select from Astronomy careers/jobs, (2) Find Astronomy job listings, (3) Prepare for Astronomy careers, and (4) Provide Astronomy career-specific resources.

Step 1: Select a Career/Job: This page starts with 4 ways for you to identify and select from listings of Astronomy careers/jobs:
A) Fastest Growing Astronomy Careers - 2023 to 2033 (est.)
These listings are based on job growth estimates and helps you to identify the fastest growing and evolving Astronomy careers. Some careers may not initially seem related to Astronomy, so relevant Astronomy jobs are listed alongside each listing. This can also help us to identify which careers (bottom of the listing) may have negative growth - perhaps due to automation or planned obsolescence.
B) Median Annual Salary U.S. Astronomy Careers
These listings are sorted (descending) by median annual salary in the U.S. This may help us to identify our ideal career. We may not qualify at this time for the desired career, but this listing and the results provided can help us to explore job details, as well as learn how to appropriately prepare for the career.
C) Astronomy Career Ladders (Educational Requirements)
These listings will help us to identify Astronomy careers sorted by educational requirements (with the most difficult to obtain listed first). This may help us to identify career ladders (as we scroll down the list), and help us to get jobs that we qualify for now.
D) Select From a Listing of 20 Astronomy Jobs.
The list may be quite long. There are two ways you might like to use this list:
1) Filter - As you enter a word, you will filter (limit) the list of job titles
2) Browse the list (Don't Filter) - You can simply explore the list of job titles. There may be many that you might never have considered to be of interest.
Once you have identified a job title of interest, simply click on it.

Step 2: Find a Job: After you have selected a career/job title above, you will see a form asking for your location. You will see several radio selection choices to utilize the job search site of your choice.

Step 3: Prepare For a Career: In this section you will gain access to detailed information to help you prepare for the chosen career. Information may include (not every career choice includes all of the elements below - updates occur quarterly):
Core Duties: Lists the primary worker-related tasks performed in this occupation
Supplemental Duties: Lists additional tasks that are performed but are secondary to the core duties
Work Activities: Summarizes the broad types of behaviors and actions related to this career
Specific Work Activities: Provides more granular day-to-day activities tied to the work performed
Essential Skills: Provides foundational skills that are core to performing this specific occupation
Transferable Skills: Provides career-portable skills that can be applied across multiple occupations and industries
Day-in-the-Life Summaries: Provides a snapshot of the key activities performed on a typical workday in this career
Knowledge Required: Provides the requirements regarding the acquisition of facts and principles
Software Skills: Lists software tools commonly used in this occupation, organized by category and priority
Preparation Required: Provides a summary of the required experience and education
Education Required: Detailed breakdown of the education required
Training and Experience Required: Detailed breakdown of the training and Training and Experience Required
Local Salary Information: Provides national and local salary ranges
Certifications: Provides appropriate government and private-sector certifications and/or credentials that may be required
Professional Associations: Provides professional associations that are related to the career selected
Job Listings: Provides links to active current job listings for the selected career, along with multiple similar job titles to explore. All information appears on this page without navigating away.
Related Careers to Consider: Lists up to 20 careers that might be of interest to you (related to your initial choice - what they do, what they know, and what they're called), ranked by best fit.

** If you clicked on a link from section D (as described in Step 1 above), you will see one or more links to an occupation that is usually a bit more general than your initial job selection - the link(s) is directly related to the specific job you identified through your prior selections.
*NOTE: It is possible that there may not be a career path identified for the specific job you selected in Step 1. If this is the case, scroll up the page and click on a different career/job.

Step 4: Career-Specific Resources (detailed and constantly updated): Continue to scroll down the page and you will find tabs that provide detailed (updated) links specific to the career you selected. This information includes:
Videos: Provides a listing of video links related to this career. A great way to get a quick overview of the occupation.
Resumes: Sources for resume materials and techniques. This can help to get you started.
Job Description: Sources that provide job descriptions, which are vital to resume and interview preparation.
Interviews: Provides links that can help you to prepare for and successfully complete the job interview. Can also assist with coffee chats.
Step by Step: Provides links to resources that can help to organize the career search process.
LinkedIn: One of the best professional social media sites that provides links, opportunities, and networking specifically for careers and career development.




Step 1 of 4: Select a Career/Job

8 Astronomy careers are listed below (sorted by Percentage Change in Total Job Openings - 2023 to 2033 est.). Astronomy-related jobs specific to each career are also provided. This shows which careers are emerging and growing the fastest. Please Scroll and Select below:

Occupations U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033 (% change) Astronomy-Related Jobs

Physicists 8.8% Astrophysicist
Occupation: Physicists U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033: 8.8% Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrophysicist
Aerospace Engineers 8.3% Astronautical Engineer
Occupation: Aerospace Engineers U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033: 8.3% Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronautical Engineer
Atmospheric and Space Scientists 8.3% Astrochemist
Occupation: Atmospheric and Space Scientists U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033: 8.3% Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrochemist
Physics Teachers, Postsecondary 8.1% Astrophysics Professor; Astrophysics Teacher
Occupation: Physics Teachers, Postsecondary U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033: 8.1% Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrophysics Professor; Astrophysics Teacher
Chemists 6.7% Astrochemist
Occupation: Chemists U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033: 6.7% Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrochemist
Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary 6.4% Astronomy Professor
Occupation: Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033: 6.4% Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronomy Professor
Astronomers 4.5% Astronomer; Astronomy Outreach Coordinator; Astrophysicist; Extragalactic Astronomer; Galactic Astronomer; High-Energy Astrophysicist; Optical Astronomer; Planetary Astronomer; Radio Astronomer; Research Astrophysicist; Solar Astronomer; Stellar Astronomer; Theoretical Astronomer
Occupation: Astronomers U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033: 4.5% Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronomer; Astronomy Outreach Coordinator; Astrophysicist; Extragalactic Astronomer; Galactic Astronomer; High-Energy Astrophysicist; Optical Astronomer; Planetary Astronomer; Radio Astronomer; Research Astrophysicist; Solar Astronomer; Stellar Astronomer; Theoretical Astronomer
Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage 0.6% Catastrophe Adjuster
Occupation: Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage U.S. Job Openings 2023-2033: 0.6% Astronomy-Related Jobs: Catastrophe Adjuster

8 Astronomy careers are listed below (sorted by U.S. National Median Salary). Astronomy-related jobs specific to each occupation are also provided. Please Scroll and Select below::

Occupations National Median Salary Astronomy-Related Jobs

Physicists $ 155,680 Astrophysicist
Occupation: Physicists National Median Salary: $ 155,680 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrophysicist
Aerospace Engineers $ 130,720 Astronautical Engineer
Occupation: Aerospace Engineers National Median Salary: $ 130,720 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronautical Engineer
Astronomers $ 127,930 Astronomer; Astronomy Outreach Coordinator; Astrophysicist; Extragalactic Astronomer; Galactic Astronomer; High-Energy Astrophysicist; Optical Astronomer; Planetary Astronomer; Radio Astronomer; Research Astrophysicist; Solar Astronomer; Stellar Astronomer; Theoretical Astronomer
Occupation: Astronomers National Median Salary: $ 127,930 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronomer; Astronomy Outreach Coordinator; Astrophysicist; Extragalactic Astronomer; Galactic Astronomer; High-Energy Astrophysicist; Optical Astronomer; Planetary Astronomer; Radio Astronomer; Research Astrophysicist; Solar Astronomer; Stellar Astronomer; Theoretical Astronomer
Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary $ 100,690 Astronomy Professor
Occupation: Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary National Median Salary: $ 100,690 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronomy Professor
Physics Teachers, Postsecondary $ 98,020 Astrophysics Professor; Astrophysics Teacher
Occupation: Physics Teachers, Postsecondary National Median Salary: $ 98,020 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrophysics Professor; Astrophysics Teacher
Atmospheric and Space Scientists $ 92,860 Astrochemist
Occupation: Atmospheric and Space Scientists National Median Salary: $ 92,860 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrochemist
Chemists $ 84,680 Astrochemist
Occupation: Chemists National Median Salary: $ 84,680 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrochemist
Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage $ 74,520 Catastrophe Adjuster
Occupation: Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage National Median Salary: $ 74,520 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Catastrophe Adjuster

8 Astronomy careers are listed (sorted by Education/Preparation Requirements - descending) to provide career ladders. Astronomy-related jobs specific to each career are also provided.

Education/Preparation Categories:
5 = Usually requires graduate school (e.g., Master's degree, Ph.D., M.D., or J.D.)
4 = Usually requires a four-year Bachelor's degree
3 = Usually requires vocational training, related on-the-job experience, or Associate's degree
2 = Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, but not always
Please Scroll and Select below:
Occupations Education/Preparation Astronomy-Related Jobs

Astronomers 5 Astronomer; Astronomy Outreach Coordinator; Astrophysicist; Extragalactic Astronomer; Galactic Astronomer; High-Energy Astrophysicist; Optical Astronomer; Planetary Astronomer; Radio Astronomer; Research Astrophysicist; Solar Astronomer; Stellar Astronomer; Theoretical Astronomer
Occupation: Astronomers Education/Preparation: 5 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronomer; Astronomy Outreach Coordinator; Astrophysicist; Extragalactic Astronomer; Galactic Astronomer; High-Energy Astrophysicist; Optical Astronomer; Planetary Astronomer; Radio Astronomer; Research Astrophysicist; Solar Astronomer; Stellar Astronomer; Theoretical Astronomer
Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary 5 Astronomy Professor
Occupation: Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary Education/Preparation: 5 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronomy Professor
Physicists 5 Astrophysicist
Occupation: Physicists Education/Preparation: 5 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrophysicist
Physics Teachers, Postsecondary 5 Astrophysics Professor; Astrophysics Teacher
Occupation: Physics Teachers, Postsecondary Education/Preparation: 5 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrophysics Professor; Astrophysics Teacher
Aerospace Engineers 4 Astronautical Engineer
Occupation: Aerospace Engineers Education/Preparation: 4 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astronautical Engineer
Atmospheric and Space Scientists 4 Astrochemist
Occupation: Atmospheric and Space Scientists Education/Preparation: 4 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrochemist
Chemists 4 Astrochemist
Occupation: Chemists Education/Preparation: 4 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Astrochemist
Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage 3 Catastrophe Adjuster
Occupation: Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage Education/Preparation: 3 Astronomy-Related Jobs: Catastrophe Adjuster

Scroll through the picklist (below). There are 20 specific Astronomy job titles listed. Select those that may be of interest - you will get active job listing links, along with detailed resources to help you prepare for a career related to that job.
You can use this form two ways:

hidden filler

Filter - As you enter a keyword, you will filter (limit) the list of job titles below

Browse the list (Don't Filter) - You can simply explore the list of job titles. There may be many that you might never have considered to be of interest.

Enter a Keyword (filter the list below)
OR - leave blank and scroll through the choices:



Select a Job Title (Scroll and Select) :

Step 2 of 4: Find a Job

Find Job Listings: Atmospheric and Space Scientists.


Search results will open in a new tab.

Note: Job search results work best for U.S.-based locations. For international searches, try searching for "[job title] in [city, country]" directly on the selected job board, or visit their country-specific website.

Step 3 of 4: Prepare For a Career





Atmospheric and Space Scientists

Description: Investigate atmospheric phenomena and interpret meteorological data, gathered by surface and air stations, satellites, and radar to prepare reports and forecasts for public and other uses. Includes weather analysts and forecasters whose functions require the detailed knowledge of meteorology.

U.S. Total Employment (2023):
10,700
U.S. Total Employment (2033 est.):
11,600
Employment Change (2023-2033 est.):
900 (8.3%)
Average Annual Job Openings (2023-2033 est.):
1,000
Please click on a section below to expand and see detailed occupational information related to "Atmospheric and Space Scientists":

Core Duties

Important Core Job Duties (in order of importance)
For the Top 5 most important - How can you build experience and skill doing these? This will help now, to begin preparing for this type of occupation.
Importance (%) Description
Importance: 100 (%) Description: Interpret data, reports, maps, photographs, or charts to predict long- or short-range weather conditions, using computer models and knowledge of climate theory, physics, and mathematics.
Importance: 100 (%) Description: Formulate predictions by interpreting environmental data, such as meteorological, atmospheric, oceanic, paleoclimate, climate, or related information.
Importance: 95 (%) Description: Speak to the public to discuss weather topics or answer questions.
Importance: 95 (%) Description: Gather data from sources such as surface or upper air stations, satellites, weather bureaus, or radar for use in meteorological reports or forecasts.
Importance: 90 (%) Description: Conduct meteorological research into the processes or determinants of atmospheric phenomena, weather, or climate.
Importance: 90 (%) Description: Analyze historical climate information, such as precipitation or temperature records, to help predict future weather or climate trends.
Importance: 85 (%) Description: Prepare forecasts or briefings to meet the needs of industry, business, government, or other groups.
Importance: 85 (%) Description: Develop and deliver training on weather topics.
Importance: 80 (%) Description: Consult with other offices, agencies, professionals, or researchers regarding the use and interpretation of climatological information for weather predictions and warnings.
Importance: 80 (%) Description: Develop or use mathematical or computer models for weather forecasting.
Importance: 80 (%) Description: Analyze climate data sets, using techniques such as geophysical fluid dynamics, data assimilation, or numerical modeling.
Importance: 80 (%) Description: Prepare scientific atmospheric or climate reports, articles, or texts.
Importance: 80 (%) Description: Prepare weather reports or maps for analysis, distribution, or use in weather broadcasts, using computer graphics.
Importance: 80 (%) Description: Develop computer programs to collect meteorological data or to present meteorological information.
Importance: 80 (%) Description: Broadcast weather conditions, forecasts, or severe weather warnings to the public via television, radio, or the Internet or provide this information to the news media.
Importance: 75 (%) Description: Apply meteorological knowledge to issues such as global warming, pollution control, or ozone depletion.
Importance: 75 (%) Description: Perform managerial duties, such as creating work schedules, creating or implementing staff training, matching staff expertise to situations, or analyzing performance of offices.
Importance: 70 (%) Description: Measure wind, temperature, and humidity in the upper atmosphere, using weather balloons.
Supplemental Duties
Important Supplemental Job Duties (in order of importance)
For the Top 5 most important - How can you build experience and skill doing these? This will help now, to begin preparing for this type of occupation.
Importance (%) Description
Importance: 65 (%) Description: Design or develop new equipment or methods for meteorological data collection, remote sensing, or related applications.
Importance: 65 (%) Description: Estimate or predict the effects of global warming over time for specific geographic regions.
Importance: 65 (%) Description: Create visualizations to illustrate historical or future changes in the Earth's climate, using paleoclimate or climate geographic information systems (GIS) databases.
Importance: 60 (%) Description: Direct forecasting services at weather stations or at radio or television broadcasting facilities.
Importance: 60 (%) Description: Teach college-level courses on topics such as atmospheric and space science, meteorology, or global climate change.
Importance: 60 (%) Description: Research the impact of industrial projects or pollution on climate, air quality, or weather phenomena.
Importance: 60 (%) Description: Conduct numerical simulations of climate conditions to understand and predict global or regional weather patterns.
Importance: 55 (%) Description: Conduct wind assessment, integration, or validation studies.
Importance: 50 (%) Description: Collect air samples from planes or ships over land or sea to study atmospheric composition.
Work Activities

Important General Work Activities (in order of importance)
For the Top 5 most important - How can you build experience and skill doing these? This will help now, to begin preparing for this type of occupation.
Importance (%) Description
Importance: 96 (%) Description: Working with Computers: Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Importance: 95 (%) Description: Analyzing Data or Information: Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Importance: 92 (%) Description: Getting Information: Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Importance: 85 (%) Description: Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge: Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Importance: 85 (%) Description: Processing Information: Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Importance: 84 (%) Description: Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others: Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Importance: 82 (%) Description: Making Decisions and Solving Problems: Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Importance: 80 (%) Description: Communicating with People Outside the Organization: Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Importance: 77 (%) Description: Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates: Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Importance: 77 (%) Description: Thinking Creatively: Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Importance: 76 (%) Description: Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work: Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Importance: 74 (%) Description: Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events: Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Importance: 71 (%) Description: Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships: Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Importance: 69 (%) Description: Training and Teaching Others: Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Importance: 69 (%) Description: Documenting/Recording Information: Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Importance: 68 (%) Description: Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People: Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Importance: 66 (%) Description: Developing and Building Teams: Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Importance: 65 (%) Description: Scheduling Work and Activities: Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Importance: 64 (%) Description: Providing Consultation and Advice to Others: Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Importance: 64 (%) Description: Developing Objectives and Strategies: Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Importance: 63 (%) Description: Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others: Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Importance: 62 (%) Description: Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information: Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Importance: 62 (%) Description: Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates: Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Importance: 62 (%) Description: Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings: Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Importance: 61 (%) Description: Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards: Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Importance: 61 (%) Description: Coaching and Developing Others: Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Specific Work Activities

Important Specific Work Activities
How can you begin to build experience and skill doing these? This will help now, to begin preparing for this type of occupation. Specific Work Activities appear below:
Analyze design requirements for computer or electronics systems.
Analyze environmental data.
Apply knowledge or research findings to address environmental problems.
Collaborate on research activities with scientists or technical specialists.
Collect environmental data or samples.
Communicate with the public on environmental issues.
Conduct climatological research.
Coordinate training activities.
Create images or other visual displays.
Develop environmental research methods.
Develop mathematical models of environmental conditions.
Develop theories or models of physical phenomena.
Develop training materials.
Direct technical activities or operations.
Instruct college students in physical or life sciences.
Interpret research or operational data.
Manage human resources activities.
Measure environmental characteristics.
Prepare research or technical reports on environmental issues.
Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.
Present information to the public.
Provide educational information to the public.
Provide technical information or assistance to public.
Research environmental impact of industrial or development activities.
Teach classes in area of specialization.
Test computer system operations to ensure proper functioning.
Write computer programming code.
Knowledge Required

Knowledge Required (in order of importance)
For the Top 5 most important - How can you build experience and skill doing these? This will help now, to begin preparing for this type of occupation.
Importance (%) Description
Importance: 87 (%) Description: Mathematics: Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Importance: 87 (%) Description: Physics: Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.
Importance: 86 (%) Description: Geography: Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Importance: 81 (%) Description: Computers and Electronics: Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Importance: 74 (%) Description: English Language: Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Importance: 63 (%) Description: Communications and Media: Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Essential Skills

Essential Skills (in order of importance)
These are the foundational skills most central to success in this occupation. For the Top 5 most important, how can you begin building experience and confidence using these skills now?
Importance (%) Description
Importance: 68 (%) Description: Reading Comprehension: Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Importance: 66 (%) Description: Active Listening: Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Importance: 66 (%) Description: Speaking: Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Importance: 66 (%) Description: Science: Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Importance: 66 (%) Description: Critical Thinking: Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Importance: 66 (%) Description: Active Learning: Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Importance: 64 (%) Description: Writing: Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Importance: 56 (%) Description: Mathematics: Using mathematics to solve problems.
Importance: 52 (%) Description: Learning Strategies: Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Importance: 52 (%) Description: Monitoring: Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Transferable Skills

Transferable Skills (in order of importance)
These are skills that can transfer across occupations and industries. For the Top 5 most important, how can you strengthen these skills now so they support both this career and future career flexibility?
Importance (%) Description
Importance: 64 (%) Description: Complex Problem Solving: Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Importance: 62 (%) Description: Judgment and Decision Making: Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Importance: 52 (%) Description: Social Perceptiveness: Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Importance: 52 (%) Description: Systems Analysis: Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Day-in-the-Life Summaries

Day-in-the-Life Summaries
These summaries show the main types of activities you are likely to perform on a regular basis in this occupation. How can you imagine your typical workday — using these examples to see if this type of work fits you?
Activity: Analyze data to improve operations.
Activity: Analyze environmental or geospatial data.
Activity: Assist scientists, scholars, or technical specialists with projects or research.
Activity: Collect environmental or biological samples.
Activity: Communicate environmental or sustainability information.
Activity: Create visual designs or displays.
Activity: Develop research plans or methodologies.
Activity: Develop scientific or mathematical theories or models.
Activity: Develop systems or practices to mitigate or resolve environmental problems.
Activity: Direct scientific or technical activities.
Activity: Evaluate designs, specifications, or other technical data.
Activity: Investigate the environmental impact of industrial or development activities.
Activity: Manage human resources activities.
Activity: Monitor environmental conditions.
Activity: Prepare informational or instructional materials.
Activity: Present research or technical information.
Activity: Program computer systems or production equipment.
Activity: Provide information or assistance to the public.
Activity: Research issues related to earth sciences.
Activity: Teach academic or vocational subjects.
Activity: Test performance of computer or information systems.
Software Skills

Software Skills
These are examples of software tools commonly used in this occupation, organized from most to least important for your career preparation. How can you start learning or practicing the highest-priority tools so that you feel confident using them on the job?
High-Priority Tech Skills
Office suite software:
Microsoft Office software
Emerging Tech Skills
Analytical or scientific software:
IBM SPSS Statistics
SAS
The MathWorks MATLAB
Data base user interface and query software:
Microsoft Access
Structured query language SQL
Electronic mail software:
Microsoft Outlook
Graphics or photo imaging software:
Adobe Photoshop
Object or component oriented development software:
C++
Perl
Python
R
Operating system software:
Linux
Microsoft Windows
UNIX
Presentation software:
Microsoft PowerPoint
Spreadsheet software:
Microsoft Excel
Web page creation and editing software:
Facebook
Word processing software:
Microsoft Word
General Software Tools
Analytical or scientific software (scroll table below):
Air quality modeling software
Aninoquisi MesoTRAC
Baron Services FasTrac
Baron Volumetric Imaging and Processing of Integrated Radar VIPIR
Cave5D
Environmental Research Services RAOB
Ferret
Flow Analysis Software Toolkit FAST
Grid analysis and display system GrADS
Interactive radar analysis software IRAS
Lakes Environmental Software WRPLOT View
Maplesoft Maple
Mesoscale modeling software
PC Weather Products HURRTRAK
SatView
STATISTICA
SVRPLOT
Systat Software SigmaPlot
Systat Software SigmaStat
Unidata GEMPAK
Unidata Gempak Analysis and Rendering Program GARP
Unidata Integrated Data Viewer IDV
Unidata McIDAS-X
Vis5d+
VorTek Site Assessment of Tornado Threat SATT
Wind flow modeling software
WINGRIDDS
Wolfram Research Mathematica
WSI Titan
WSI TrueView Professional
Desktop publishing software:
QuarkXPress
Development environment software:
Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
Software development tools
Geographic information system:
ESRI ArcInfo
ESRI ArcView
Graphics or photo imaging software:
AccuWeather Galileo
Advanced Visual Systems AVS/Express
Image editing software
Microsoft Paint
Map creation software:
ITT Visual Information Solutions ENVI
Operating system software:
Cisco IOS
Video creation and editing software:
Apple Final Cut Pro
Web page creation and editing software:
Social media sites
Preparation Required
Preparation Required - How much preparation is needed to obtain this type of job?
Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Employees in these occupations usually need several years of work-related experience, on-the-job training, and/or vocational training.

Many of these occupations involve coordinating, supervising, managing, or training others. Examples include real estate brokers, sales managers, database administrators, graphic designers, conservation scientists, art directors, and cost estimators.
Education Required

Education Required - by frequency of educational attainment
This shows you details about the level of education most commonly held by workers in this occupation. How can you begin planning the educational pathway that will prepare you best for this type of work?
Frequency of Attainment (%) Level of Education
Frequency of Attainment: 60.0 (%) Level of Education: Bachelor's Degree
Frequency of Attainment: 20.0 (%) Level of Education: Master's Degree
Frequency of Attainment: 15.0 (%) Level of Education: Doctoral Degree
Frequency of Attainment: 5.0 (%) Level of Education: Post-Doctoral Training
Training and Experience Required

Training and Experience Required - by frequency of training and work experience attainment
This section shows you how often different types of training and work experience are required for this occupation. How can you start gaining the kinds of experience and training that are most common for this type of work?
Frequency of Attainment (%) Level of Training and Work Experience
Frequency of Attainment: 30.0 (%) Level of Training and Work Experience: Over 1 year, up to and including 2 years
Frequency of Attainment: 15.0 (%) Level of Training and Work Experience: Over 6 months, up to and including 1 year
Frequency of Attainment: 15.0 (%) Level of Training and Work Experience: Over 2 years, up to and including 4 years
Frequency of Attainment: 15.0 (%) Level of Training and Work Experience: Over 4 years, up to and including 6 years
Frequency of Attainment: 10.0 (%) Level of Training and Work Experience: Over 6 years, up to and including 8 years
Frequency of Attainment: 5.0 (%) Level of Training and Work Experience: None
Frequency of Attainment: 5.0 (%) Level of Training and Work Experience: Over 1 month, up to and including 3 months
Frequency of Attainment: 5.0 (%) Level of Training and Work Experience: Over 10 years
Certifications
Certifications
These are examples of certifications that may be important for this occupation. How can you begin exploring which certifications fit your goals and what steps you would need to take to earn them?
Certified Consulting Meteorologist External Link
Professional Associations
Professional Associations
These associations connect people who work in this occupation or related fields. How can you start using these associations to learn more, build your network, or find mentoring opportunities?
International Society of Biometeorology (ISB) External Link
National Weather Association (NWA) External Link
Related Careers to Consider
Related Careers to Consider
This lists up to 20 careers that might be of interest to you (related to what "Atmospheric and Space Scientists" do, what they know, and what they're called), ranked by best fit. How do these related occupations align with your interests, skills, and goals?
1 - Hydrologists
2 - Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers
3 - Remote Sensing Scientists and Technologists
4 - Data Scientists
5 - Geographic Information Systems Technologists and Technicians
6 - Geological Technicians, Except Hydrologic Technicians
7 - Climate Change Policy Analysts
8 - Geodetic Surveyors
9 - Geographers
10 - Astronomers
11 - Hydrologic Technicians
12 - Remote Sensing Technicians
13 - Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health
14 - Industrial Ecologists
15 - Statisticians
16 - Surveying and Mapping Technicians
17 - Conservation Scientists
18 - Physicists
19 - Precision Agriculture Technicians
20 - Soil and Plant Scientists


Step 4 of 4: Career-Specific Resources

This section contains detailed external resources appropriate to "Atmospheric and Space Scientists". Explore these resources to start learning more. Links are constantly updated, so bookmark this page.

Videos

Here is a listing of videos related to this career. A great way to get a quick overview of the occupation.


Resumes

Here are resources that allow you to see example resumes for this occupation. It may be helpful to see examples from others who have this type of experience.


Job Description

Here are resources that provide job descriptions, which are vital for resume and interview preparation.


Interviews

There are many great resources that can help guide you through the interview process. These links provide help in preparing and performing an effective interview, specific to this occupation.


Salary Data

Here are links to help you identify salary ranges for this occupation. These data are necessary prior to effective salary negotiations.


Raises

Here are resources that help you to prepare to ask for a raise. These links will help you to prepare for the salary negotiation process.


Jobs

Here are resources that lead to links for actual jobs related to "Atmospheric and Space Scientists". Use these links to find a job.


Jobs

Here are resources that lead to links for actual jobs related to "Atmospheric and Space Scientists". Use these links to find a job.


Classifieds

There are various sources for job classified ads. These links should help get you started to find a job for this occupation.


Step-by-Step

Here are links to help guide you, step-by-step, to become a(n): Atmospheric and Space Scientists


Career Change

Here are resources to help you prepare for a career change. It is helpful to look carefully at the information provided in Section 3: Career Change (detailed previously on this page) prior to using these links. There is much to learn ...


LinkedIn®

Here are links to various posts and groups from LinkedIn ® that relate to this occupation. Great way to start building professional contacts in the field that might be most appropriate for you.


Career Path

Here are links to various resources to help you explore the career path related to the "Atmospheric and Space Scientists" occupation.






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